Nomes, cities and sites

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• The names in italics are transliterations ^[2] taken from Beinlich's list.
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Lower Egypt

First Nome

• 1a- Saqqara : Necropolis of Memphis, solar temple at Abusir (Busiris, not to be confounded with the Busiris in the Delta) a few kilometres north of Saqqara, built by Userkaf
• 1b- Mennefer (mn-nfr, H.t-kA-ptH, jnbw-HD, mxA.t-tA.wj ; Manf, Minf, Manfish, Greek Memphis) : For lengthy periods Memphis was the capital of the united Egypt. It was the main cult centre of Ptah. Temple of Hathor
• 1c- Giza: The three great pyramids of Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure, the Sphinx, necropolis

Second Nome

• 2- Khem (xm, jwnj.t ; Greek Letopolis, modern Ausim) : Capital of the nome. Cult of Kherty (Isis) and Horus the Elder

Third Nome

• 3a- Timinhor (bHd.t ; Greek Hermopolis Parva, modern Damanhur)
• 3b- Raqote (Greek Alexandria) : Founded by Alexander the Great, Capital of Ptolemaic Egypt. The greatest cultural centre of the eastern Mediterranean during the Hellenist period, famous library, light tower

Fourth Nome: Southern shield
Major deity: Neith
 
 

• 5a- Sai (zAw ; Zau, Greek Sais) : Capital of Egypt during the Late Dynastic Period, Greek commercial centre, temples of Neith, Atem and Osiris Hemag. Capital of the nome.
• 5b- Per-wadjet (pr-wAD.t, Dba.wt, jm.t ; Buto) : Cult centre of Uat (Greek Leto), important Isis centre during the Late Period, main Mediterranean port during the Early Dynastic Period. Greek commercial centre

• 6- Xois (modern Sakha): One of the centres of the Amen-Re worship, according to Manetho power base of the 14th dynasty
• Per-wadjet : See nome 5

• No known cities in the period of Ramses II
• 7- (Greek) Naukratis : From the Late Period onwards: Major Ionian colony and port, centre for the production of iron

• 8- Tjeku or Per Tem (pr-jtmw ; Biblical Pithom ?, modern Tell el Maskhuta ?) : Founded by Ramses II, lay by the canal connecting the Nile and the Bitter Lakes. Temple of Atem. Capital of the nome.

• 9- Per Usiri (Dd.t, Dd.w ; Greek Busiris, Taposiris Magna, modern Abusir) : Temple of Horus-Khentkhety, cult centre of Isis, original home of the Osiris worship, animal necropolis

• 10 Hut-heryib (H.t-tA-Hr.t-jb ; Greek Athribis): Temple of Osiris and Isis. Worship of Horus and the Black Bull. Temple built by Ahmose. Of economic importance during the Roman occupation

• 11 Shednu, (Greek Pharbaithos, modern Horbeit/Tell Abu Yasin ?) : Capital of the nome, one of the centres of the chiefs of Ma (8th and 7th century BCE). Cult centre of Hormerty
• Taremu, (Greek Leontopolis, modern Tell el Muqdam) : Capital of the nome during the Ptolemaic period. Temple of Mahes, worship of Horus in the form of a lion. In the Ptolemaic period Mysis was the principal deity. Not to be confounded with Leontopolis (Egyptian Nay-ta-hut, modern Tell el Yahudiye).

• 12 Tjebnutjer (Greek Sebennytos) : Temple of Inheret-Shu, Mehyt. Home of Manetho
• Per-hebet (Arabic Behbeit) : Temple of Isis of Hebet

• 13- Onu, Iunu (jwn, jwnw, [p.t-n-km.t] ; biblical On, Greek Heliopolis) : Cult centre of Re-harakhty, the bull Mnevis and Hathor. Political and religious power centre, especially during the New Kingdom (Amen-Re worship). Lost much of its influence to Alexandria under the Ptolemies.
• Kheraha : Temple of Atem, possibly

• 14- Senu (Greek Pelusion; Latin Pelusium; Biblical Sin) : The easternmost major Egyptian city, lay by the Pelusian mouth of the Nile. Staging area for the Egyptian army on Asiatic campaigns. Possibly capital of the nome.
• Tjaru, Tjalu, Tharu (Greek Sile) : Major New Kingdom border fortress. Place of exile for criminals

• Ba'kh (Greek Hermopolis, modern Al Baqlia) : Centre of Thoth (Hermes) worship. Ibis necropolis.

• 16- Per-banebdjedet, Djedet (Greek Mendes) : Capital of the nome. Centre of Osiris worship. Temple of Banebdjedet. Capital of the 29th dynasty
• Anpet-djedet (Greek Thumis): Capital of the nome during Roman times.

• No known cities in the period of Ramses II
• Semabehdet : Temple of Amen possibly

• 18- Per-bastet, Bast (pr-bAs.t.t, bAs.t ; Greek Bubastis) : Cult centre of Bast. Famous for its religious festivals. 3rd IP temples of Maahes, Atem. Power base of the Libyan (22nd) dynasty. During that period capital of the whole of Egypt. Controlled the road to Asia. Capital of nome in the LP.

• Imet (modern Tell Nabasha)
• 19a Hawaret (H.t-war.t ; Avaris , modern Tel el Dab'a): Capital of Lower Egypt under the Hyksos
• 19b- Djan´net (Greek Tanis, Biblical Zoan) : Capital of the 21st dynasty and of the Libyan 22nd dynasty. Decline under the Kushites. Temple of Amen, Mut and Khons (from the 21st dynasty onwards). Important port for asiatic trade. Centre of linen manufacture.
• Per Ramses : Founded by Ramses II as an administrative centre
• Hurbeit

• Per-sopdu (Greek Soped, modern Saft al Hinna) : Temple of Sopdu

Upper Egypt

First Nome

• 1a- Pawareq (p-jw-rq ; Coptic Pilak, Greek Philae): Island, Isis temple complex (3rd cent. BCE). Temples of Hathor, and of the Nubian gods Mandulis and Arensnufis
• 1b- Swentet (swn.w ; Greek Syene, modern Aswan) : Temple of Isis
• 1c- Nebeet, Nubyt (Greek Ombi-Kom, modern Ombo): Capital of the nome during the Ptolemaic period. Temples of Sobek and Horus (2nd cent. BCE)
• 1d- Abu (Abw ; Greek Elephantine): Capital of the nome. Frontier and garrison town, built on an island in the Nile. Temples of Khnum and Satet (since predynastic at least) and of Amenhotep III which was destroyed in the 19th century, Nilometer
• Kheny (modern Gebel)

Second Nome

• 2a- Djeba, Utes-Hor or Behde (DbA, bHd.t , [jw-nSn], [ns.t-nTr.w], [ns.t-ra], [ns.t-Hr], [nDm-anx], [s.t-wnp] ; Greek,Roman Apollinopolis Magna, modern Edfu) : Old kingdom mastabas, shrine of Middle Kingdom governor Isi, Horus temple (Ptolemaic period)

Third Nome

• 3a- Nekheb (Greek Eileithyiaspolis, modern Elkab): Capital of the nome during the New Kingdom. Cult centre of Nekhbet. Temple of Sobek. Original home of the 18th dynasty kings. Tomb of Admiral Ahmose
• 3b- Iunyt (Greek Latopolis, modern Esna): Capital of the Nome after Nekhen. Neith and Khnum worshiped
• 3c- Nekhen (nxn, mxn, HD-nxn ; Greek Hierakonpolis modern Kom el Ahmar): During the predynastic period capital of Upper Egypt. First capital of the nome. Centre of worship for the white one of Nekhen, i.e. Nekhbet (personification of the white crown), temple of Horus (since predynastic times)
• Hefat (modern el-Moalla)

Fourth Nome

• 4a- Wast (wAs.t; Waset, Biblical No, Greek Diospolis Magna/Thebes) : For much of the New Kingdom capital of Egypt. Cult centre of Amen. Many royal cult temples. - Opet (jp.t, Luxor) - Karnak (jp.t-sw.t) : Temples of Amen, Mut, Khons
• 4b- Djamet also Jeme (Dsr-s.t ;modern Medinet Habu) : Mortuary temple of Ramses III
• 4c- Iuny (jwnj, jwn-Sma, jwnw-Sma.w ; Greek Hermonthis, modern Armant) : Capital of the nome until the 18th dynasty. Temple of Montu (in the form of the bull Buchis)
• 4d- Per-Hathor (jnr.tj ; Greek Pathyris, Aphriditopolis, modern Gebelein) : Temple of Hathor.
• Djerty (Greek Tuphium, modern Tod) : Temple of Montu
• Imiotru (Modern Rizeiqat) : Temple of Sobek
• Madu (Modern Medamud) : Temple of Montu

Fifth Nome:

• 5a- Gesy (Greek Apollinopolis Parva, modern Qus)
• 5b- Gebtu (gb.tjw ; Greek Coptos, modern Qift) : Capital of the nome. Principal gods were Min (Manou), Isis and the Horus infant. Commercial centre for the Upper Egyptian Red Sea trade through Wadi Hammamat
• Nebyet, Nubt (nb.t ; Greek Ombos, modern Tukh), centre of the cult of Seth (also called nubti, i.e. the Ombite)
• Shenhur : Temple of Isis

Sixth Nome:

• 6- Iunet (jwn.t, Aw-HAp.t, s.t-wr.t, s.t-msxn.t, tA-n-jtm, tA-rr ; Greek Tentyris, modern Dendera) : Capital of the nome. Temples of Hathor and Isis, temple of Ihy.

• Hut or Hut-Sekhem (Greek Diospolis Parva, modern Hiw) : Cult centre of Bat, often identified with Hathor

Eighth Nome:

• 8a- Abdu ( AbDw ; Abedju, Greek Osiris, modern Abydos): Khentamenthes (identified with Osiris) worship. Royal cult temples. Necropolis of This
• 8b-Tjeny (Tnj, tn ; Greek Thinis, modern Girga) : Capital of the nome.

Ninth Nome:

• 9a- Ipu(khent-min) (jpw ; Greek Khemmis Panopolis, modern Akhmim) : Capital of the nome. One of the most important towns in Upper Egypt. Temple of Min.
• 9b- Hut-Repyt (H.t-tA-Hr.t-jb ; Greek Athribis, modern Wannina)

Tenth Nome:

• 10- Djew-qa (Tjebu, Greek Antaeopolis, modern Qaw el-Kebir) : Temple of Nemty

Eleventh Nome:

• Shas-hotep (Greek Apotheke, modern Shuth) : Capital of the nome.

Twelfth Nome:

• Per-Nemty (Greek Hierakon, modrn al Atawla) : Temple of Nemty

Thirteenth Nome:

• 13- Sauty (Syut, Zawty, Greek Lykopolis, modern Asyut) : Capital of the nome. Apart from the role it played during the 11th dynasty conflicts, of little importance. Centre of worship of Upuaut. Centre of the caravan trade into the eastern and western deserts. 12th dynasty rock tombs

Fourteenth Nome:

• 14a- Qis (qjs ; Greek/Roman Cusae, modern el-Qusiya) : Cult centre of Hathor
• 14b- Akhet-aten (Ax.t-jtn ; modern el-Amarna) : Capital during the reigns of Akhenaten and Thutankhamen:

Fifteenth Nome:

• Antinoopolis (modern el Sheik Ibada) : Temple built by Ramses II
• 15a- Khmunu (wnw ; Hermopolis Magna, modern Al Ashmunein) : Capital of the nome. Foremost cult centre of Thoth (Hermes)
• 15b- Herwer (Greek Hur)

Sixteenth Nome:

• 16a-Menat-Khufu (modern el-Minya), during the MK capital of Horizon of Horus
• 16b- Hebenu (Hbnw ; modern Kom el-Ahmar): Capital of the nome. Temple of Horus possibly
• Tadehnet (Greek Akoris, modern Tehna) : Temple of Amen and Sobek

Seventeenth Nome:

• Hardai, (Greek Kynopolis or Cynopolis): Temple of Anubis possibly
• Saka : Temple of Bata possibly

Eighteenth Nome:

• 18- Teudjai (Teudjoi, Greek Ankyrononpolis, modern el-Hiba): Sekhmet temple built by Sheshonq
• Hutnesut (modern Sharuna) : Temple of Horus

Nineteenth Nome:

• 19- Per-medjed (Greek Oxyrhynchus, modern el-Bahnasa) : Capital of the nome. Had a certain importance during the Ptolemaic period.

Twentieth Nome:

• 20- Henen-nesut (Very near the Greek Herakleopolis, modern Ihnasya el-Medina) : Residence of the kings of the 9th and 10th dynasties. Harsafes (Herakles) temple

Twenty-First Nome:

• 21a- (modern Meidum)
• She-resy, Merwer (Greek Crocodilopolis, Arsinoe, modern Medinet al Fayum) : Capital of the nome. Cult centre of Sobek. Nilometer.
• Shenakhen, Semenuhor (Greek Akanthon, modern Kafr Ammar) : settlement not found, texts speaking of Khnum and Osiris cults

Twenty-Second Nome:

• 22- Itjtawy, Tep-ihet (tp-jHw, tpj-jH ; Greek Aphroditopolis, modern Atfih (?) or Lisht (?)) : Capital during the Middle Kingdom, Cult centre of Aphrodite (Hathor) during the Greek period

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