Ancient Egyptian deities: Nephthys

Printout
For best results save the whole webpage (pictures included) onto your hard disk, open the page with Word 97 or higher, edit if necessary and print.
Printing using the browser's print function is not recommended.

Nephthys

Nephthys,

(transliteration nb.t-Hw.t), was a protective goddess, daughter of Geb and Nut and consort of her brother Seth, She belonged to the Heliopolitan Ennead. Her son was Anubis.
Nephthys and her sister Isis, the saH.tj (Two Sisters), accompanied their brother Osiris on his journey to the underworld, Nephthys leading him into the West - descending into the realm of the dead - and her sister subsequently escorting him into the East- ascending to the place of rebirth, Akhet (Lightland, Horizon), where, according to the Pyramid Texts one would become an akh and rise into the immortal sky

May you rise at the horizon, there in the place of your glorification.
Pyramid Texts 217 ^[1]

Nephthys was often a counterpart of Isis. While Osiris and Isis proclaim the coming of Unas to Lower Egypt, Nephthys and Seth do so in Upper Egypt:

Seth, Nephthys, go proclaim to Upper Egypt's gods
And their spirits:
"This Unas comes, a spirit indestructible,
If he wishes you to die, you will die,
If he wishes you to live, you will live!"
Pyramid Texts
M. Lichtheim Ancient Egyptian Literature, Vol.1 p.30

Together with Isis–as Hab.tj, the Two Mourners–and often joined by Selket and Neith, she mourned the dead, as she had mourned her dead brother Osiris, and protected the sarcophagus of the mummy and the canopic jars containing the inner organs of the deceased.
Protective of the dead, Nephthys and her sister also assisted mothers giving birth:

Then said the majesty of Re, lord of Sakhbu, to Isis, Nephthys, Meskbenet, Heket, and Khnum: "Please go, deliver Ruddedet of the three children who are in her womb, who will assume this beneficent office in this whole land.
Westcar papyrus
M. Lichtheim Ancient Egyptian Literature, Vol.1 p.220

standing at either side of the birthmother

Isis placed herself before her, Nephthys behind her,
Westcar papyrus
M. Lichtheim Ancient Egyptian Literature, Vol.1 p.221

In real life, mummies which were transported to the cemetery were accompanied by two mourning women standing in for Isis and Nephthys, one preceding, the other following the deceased.
Her Egyptian name Nebethut (nb.t Hwt), Nephthys to the Greeks, means "Lady of the House" or "Lady of the Temple". Her role as a protective deity led the Egyptians to call one of the pylons at the entrance of a temple Nephthys and the other Isis.

Footnotes:
[1] After a transliteration and German translation on the Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae website: Altägyptisches Wörterbuch, Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften => Pyramidentexte => Unas-Pyramide => Sargkammer => Südwand => PT 217